What is an Echocardiogram?
An echocardiogram (echo) is a non-invasive diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create detailed images of your heart's structure and function.
Types of Echocardiograms
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Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) - The standard, non-invasive approach
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Transesophageal Echocardiogram (TEE) - Provides detailed images via a probe in the esophagus
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Stress Echocardiogram - Performed during exercise or medication-induced stress
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3D Echocardiogram - Creates three-dimensional images of the heart
What Does it Show?
An echocardiogram reveals:
- Heart size and shape
- Pumping strength
- Valve function and structure
- Blood flow patterns
- Presence of blood clots
- Abnormal holes between heart chambers
The Procedure
Before the Test
- No special preparation for standard TTE
- Fasting required for TEE
- Wear comfortable clothing
During the Test
- Lie on examination table
- ECG electrodes placed on chest
- Gel applied to chest
- Transducer moved across chest
- Duration: 30-60 minutes
Results and Interpretation
Your doctor will evaluate:
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Ejection Fraction - Measures pumping efficiency
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Wall Motion - Shows heart muscle movement
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Chamber Sizes - Indicates potential enlargement
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Valve Function - Assesses opening and closing
Safety and Risks
- Completely safe and radiation-free
- No known risks for standard TTE
- Minimal risks for specialized types
When It's Needed
- Unexplained chest pain
- Heart murmurs
- Irregular heartbeats
- Shortness of breath
- Heart attack evaluation
- Monitoring existing conditions