What is Testicular Cancer?
Testicular cancer develops in the testicles (testes), which are part of the male reproductive system. While relatively rare, it is the most common cancer in young men between 15 and 35 years old.
Key Facts
- Highly treatable, especially when caught early
- Has a survival rate over 95% when detected early
- Most common in young adult males
- Usually affects only one testicle
Common Symptoms
- A painless lump or swelling in either testicle
- A change in how the testicle feels
- A dull ache in the lower abdomen or groin
- Sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum
- Pain or discomfort in a testicle or the scrotum
Risk Factors
- Family history
- Previous testicular cancer
- Undescended testicle (cryptorchidism)
- Age (15-35 years)
Diagnosis
Initial Assessment
- Physical examination
- Ultrasound of the testicles
- Blood tests for tumor markers
Further Testing
- CT scans
- Chest X-rays
- Biopsy (if necessary)
Treatment Options
Surgery
- Radical orchiectomy (removal of affected testicle)
- Lymph node removal (if cancer has spread)
Additional Treatments
- Radiation therapy
- Chemotherapy
- Regular monitoring (surveillance)
Self-Examination
Monthly self-examinations are crucial for early detection:
- Examine after a warm shower
- Roll each testicle between thumbs and fingers
- Look for changes in size, shape, or consistency
- Note any lumps or unusual findings
Living with Testicular Cancer
- Fertility preservation options
- Regular follow-up care
- Support groups and counseling
- Lifestyle modifications
When to Seek Medical Care
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you notice:
- Any lumps or swelling
- Changes in testicle size
- Persistent pain
- Unusual heaviness in the scrotum
Prevention
- Regular self-examinations
- Prompt medical attention for concerns
- Healthy lifestyle choices
- Understanding family history