Understanding Stomach Ulcers

What is a Stomach Ulcer?

A stomach ulcer (also called peptic ulcer) is a sore that develops in the lining of your stomach or the first part of your small intestine (duodenum). These ulcers occur when stomach acid damages the digestive tract's protective layer.

Common Causes

• H. pylori bacteria - The most common cause
• NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
  • Aspirin
  • Ibuprofen
  • Naproxen
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking

Key Symptoms

• Burning stomach pain
• Feeling of fullness or bloating
• Intolerance to fatty foods
• Heartburn
• Nausea

Warning Signs

• Seek immediate care if you experience:
  • Dark or bloody stools
  • Severe abdominal pain
  • Vomiting blood
  • Difficulty breathing

Diagnosis

Your doctor may use several methods to diagnose an ulcer:

1. Upper endoscopy
2. H. pylori testing
3. X-ray of your digestive system
4. Blood tests

Treatment Options

Medications

• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
• Antibiotics (if H. pylori is present)
• H2 blockers
• Antacids

Lifestyle Changes

• Avoid trigger foods
• Quit smoking
• Limit alcohol
• Manage stress
• Eat smaller meals

Prevention

• Take NSAIDs with food
• Limit alcohol consumption
• Practice good hygiene
• Manage stress effectively
• Regular medical check-ups

Recovery and Outlook

Most ulcers heal within 4-8 weeks with proper treatment. Follow-up care is essential to prevent recurrence.