What Are Moles?
Moles (nevi) are common skin growths that develop when melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) grow in clusters. They typically appear as small, dark brown spots, though they can come in various colors, sizes, and shapes.
Types of Moles
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Congenital Nevi: Present at birth
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Acquired Nevi: Develop over time
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Atypical Nevi (Dysplastic): Irregular moles that may have unusual characteristics
Common Characteristics
- Color: Usually brown, but can be pink, tan, or black
- Shape: Round or oval
- Size: Generally under 6mm (pencil eraser size)
- Texture: Can be flat or raised
The ABCDE Rule for Monitoring Moles
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Asymmetry: One half doesn't match the other
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Border irregularity: Edges are ragged or blurred
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Color variation: Multiple colors within the same mole
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Diameter: Larger than 6mm
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Evolving: Changes in size, shape, or color
When to See a Doctor
- New moles appearing in adulthood
- Changes in existing moles
- Moles that itch, bleed, or cause discomfort
- Any moles meeting ABCDE criteria
Treatment Options
- Monitoring (regular self-checks and professional examinations)
- Photography tracking
- Surgical removal (if necessary)
- Biopsy for suspicious moles
Prevention
- Use broad-spectrum sunscreen
- Avoid peak sun hours
- Wear protective clothing
- Regular skin self-examinations
- Annual professional skin checks
Risk Factors
- Family history of melanoma
- Fair skin
- Excessive sun exposure
- History of severe sunburns
- Multiple atypical moles