Understanding Rheumatoid Arthritis

What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease where your immune system mistakenly attacks your joints, causing inflammation and pain. This condition primarily affects the lining of your joints (synovium) but can also impact other organs.

Key Symptoms

• Joint Pain and Stiffness
  • Typically affects multiple joints simultaneously
  • Usually symmetrical (same joints on both sides)
  • Morning stiffness lasting >30 minutes
• Affected Areas
  • Hands and wrists
  • Feet and ankles
  • Knees and elbows
  • Shoulders and hips

Early Warning Signs

1. Fatigue
2. Low-grade fever
3. Loss of appetite
4. Joint tenderness
5. Swollen joints

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:

• Physical examination
• Blood tests (RF, anti-CCP antibodies)
• Imaging (X-rays, MRI)
• Symptom history evaluation

Treatment Options

Medications

• DMARDs (Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs)
• NSAIDs for pain management
• Biologics for severe cases
• Corticosteroids for acute flares

Lifestyle Changes

• Regular exercise
• Joint protection techniques
• Balanced diet
• Stress management

Living with RA

• Physical Therapy
• Occupational Therapy
• Regular monitoring
• Support groups

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if you experience:

• Persistent joint pain
• Morning stiffness lasting >30 minutes
• Swollen or warm joints
• Unexplained fatigue

Prevention Strategies

• Maintain healthy weight
• Stop smoking
• Regular exercise
• Balanced nutrition

Long-term Outlook

While RA is a chronic condition, modern treatments can effectively manage symptoms and prevent joint damage when started early.