Understanding Red Blood Cell Count

What Are Red Blood Cells?

Red blood cells (erythrocytes) are specialized cells that carry oxygen throughout your body. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that gives blood its red color and enables oxygen transport.

Normal RBC Ranges

• Adult Males: 4.5-5.9 million cells/microliter
• Adult Females: 4.1-5.1 million cells/microliter
• Children: Ranges vary by age

Why Is RBC Count Measured?

• Diagnose or monitor anemia
• Evaluate blood loss
• Screen for nutritional deficiencies
• Monitor chronic health conditions
• Assess bone marrow function

Abnormal RBC Levels

High RBC Count (Polycythemia)

Causes include:

• Dehydration
• Heart or lung disease
• Living at high altitudes
• Smoking
• Certain genetic conditions

Low RBC Count (Anemia)

Common causes:

• Iron deficiency
• Vitamin B12 deficiency
• Blood loss
• Chronic diseases
• Bone marrow problems

Related Tests

• Complete Blood Count (CBC)
• Hemoglobin levels
• Hematocrit
• Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV)

When to Seek Medical Attention

Consult your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Unusual fatigue
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness
• Pale skin
• Rapid heartbeat

Maintaining Healthy RBC Levels

1. Eat iron-rich foods
2. Ensure adequate vitamin B12 and folate intake
3. Stay hydrated
4. Exercise regularly
5. Avoid smoking