Understanding Reactive Arthritis

What is Reactive Arthritis?

Reactive arthritis is an inflammatory condition that develops in response to an infection in another part of your body, typically in the intestines, genitals, or urinary tract. It usually affects the joints, eyes, and urinary system.

Key Symptoms

• Joint Symptoms:
  • Pain and swelling, especially in knees and ankles
  • Lower back and buttock pain
  • Heel pain
• Eye Symptoms:
  • Conjunctivitis (pink eye)
  • Eye pain and redness
  • Light sensitivity
• Urinary Symptoms:
  • Frequent urination
  • Burning during urination
  • Discharge

Causes and Triggers

• Bacterial infections (most common)
  • Chlamydia
  • Salmonella
  • Shigella
  • Campylobacter
• Genetic factor: HLA-B27 gene may increase susceptibility

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:

1. Physical examination
2. Medical history review
3. Blood tests
4. Joint fluid analysis
5. Imaging studies (X-rays, MRI)

Treatment Options

Immediate Relief

• NSAIDs for pain and inflammation
• Corticosteroid injections
• Rest and joint protection

Long-term Management

• Physical therapy
• Exercise programs
• Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) if needed

Prognosis and Outlook

Most cases resolve within 3-12 months. Some people may experience:

• Chronic symptoms
• Periodic flare-ups
• Complete resolution

Prevention

• Practice good hygiene
• Safe food handling
• Protected sexual activity
• Prompt treatment of infections

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if you experience:

• Severe joint pain
• Persistent eye problems
• Symptoms following infection

Living with Reactive Arthritis

• Maintain regular exercise
• Follow a balanced diet
• Manage stress levels
• Attend regular check-ups