What Are Pubic Lice?
Pubic lice (Pthirus pubis), commonly known as 'crabs,' are tiny parasitic insects that infest the pubic hair region. These parasites are typically 1-2mm in size and attach to coarse body hair, primarily in the genital area.
Common Symptoms
- Intense itching in the pubic region
- Visible gray-white eggs (nits) on hair shafts
- Small blue spots on the skin
- Visible brown or gray lice
- Dark or rust-colored spots on underwear
Transmission
Pubic lice are primarily transmitted through:
- Intimate sexual contact
- Close physical contact
- Sharing bedding or towels
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is typically made through:
- Visual examination
- Identification of lice or nits
- Microscopic confirmation if needed
Treatment Options
Over-the-Counter Treatments
- Permethrin 1% lotion
- Pyrethrin-based products
Prescription Medications
- Malathion 0.5% lotion
- Ivermectin (oral medication)
Prevention Measures
- Avoid intimate contact with infected individuals
- Wash all bedding and clothing in hot water (at least 130°F)
- Dry items on high heat for at least 20 minutes
- Seal non-washable items in plastic bags for 2 weeks
When to Seek Medical Care
- If over-the-counter treatments fail
- If symptoms persist after treatment
- If you develop skin infections
- If you're pregnant or treating a child
Follow-up Care
- Repeat treatment after 9-10 days if recommended
- Check all close contacts
- Return for evaluation if symptoms persist
Important Notes
- Treatment failure is often due to improper application or reinfection
- All sexual partners should be treated simultaneously
- Regular check-ups are recommended until infestation is cleared