Understanding Prostate Cancer: A Comprehensive Overview

What is Prostate Cancer?

Prostate cancer develops in the prostate gland, a walnut-sized organ in men that produces seminal fluid. It's one of the most common cancers in men, particularly those over 50.

Key Facts

• Most common non-skin cancer in men
• Usually grows slowly
• Highly treatable when caught early
• Risk increases with age

Common Symptoms

• Difficulty urinating
• Increased urination frequency
• Blood in urine or semen
• Erectile dysfunction
• Pain in hips, back, or pelvis

Risk Factors

1. Age (>50 years)
2. Family history
3. African American ethnicity
4. Obesity

Diagnosis

Initial Screening

• PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) blood test
• Digital rectal examination (DRE)

Confirmatory Tests

• Prostate biopsy
• MRI imaging
• Bone scan (if advanced)

Treatment Options

Early-Stage Disease

• Active surveillance
• Surgery (radical prostatectomy)
• Radiation therapy

Advanced Disease

• Hormone therapy
• Chemotherapy
• Immunotherapy

Prevention & Lifestyle

• Regular exercise
• Healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Regular screenings after age 50
• Maintain healthy weight

Support & Resources

• Support groups
• Counseling services
• Educational materials
• Clinical trials information