Understanding Panic Disorders: Common Questions Answered

What is a Panic Disorder?

Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected and repeated episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as chest pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness, or abdominal distress.

How Common Are Panic Disorders?

• Affects approximately 2-3% of adults in the United States annually
• More common in women than in men
• Typically begins in late teens or early adulthood

What Causes Panic Attacks?

Panic attacks can be triggered by:

• Chronic stress
• Genetic predisposition
• Environmental factors
• Traumatic life events
• Chemical imbalances in the brain

What Are the Symptoms?

Physical Symptoms:

• Rapid heartbeat
• Sweating
• Trembling
• Shortness of breath
• Chest pain
• Nausea

Psychological Symptoms:

• Fear of dying
• Fear of losing control
• Feeling of unreality
• Intense anxiety

How Is Panic Disorder Treated?

1. Medication Options:

   • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
   • Benzodiazepines (for short-term use)
   • Anti-anxiety medications

2. Psychotherapy Approaches:

   • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
   • Exposure therapy
   • Panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy

Can Panic Disorder Be Cured?

While there isn't a permanent cure, panic disorder can be effectively managed through:

• Proper treatment adherence
• Lifestyle modifications
• Stress management techniques
• Regular exercise
• Adequate sleep

When Should I Seek Help?

Seek professional help if you experience:

• Recurring panic attacks
• Persistent fear of future attacks
• Significant changes in behavior
• Interference with daily activities