Understanding Panic Disorder

What is Panic Disorder?

Panic disorder is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by unexpected and recurring panic attacks, along with persistent worry about future attacks and their consequences.

Key Symptoms

During a Panic Attack:

• Rapid heartbeat or heart palpitations
• Sweating
• Trembling or shaking
• Shortness of breath
• Feelings of choking
• Chest pain or discomfort
• Nausea
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fear of losing control or dying

Diagnosis

A healthcare provider will diagnose panic disorder based on:

• Frequency and intensity of panic attacks
• Physical examination to rule out other conditions
• Psychological evaluation
• DSM-5 diagnostic criteria

Treatment Options

Psychotherapy

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
• Exposure therapy
• Panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy

Medications

• Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)
• Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)
• Benzodiazepines (for short-term use)

Lifestyle Changes

• Regular exercise
• Stress management techniques
• Adequate sleep
• Avoiding caffeine and alcohol
• Practicing relaxation techniques

Coping Strategies

1. Deep breathing exercises
2. Grounding techniques
3. Progressive muscle relaxation
4. Mindfulness meditation

When to Seek Help

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Severe chest pain
• Difficulty breathing
• Severe dizziness
• Intense fear of dying

Prognosis

With proper treatment and support, many people with panic disorder experience significant improvement in their symptoms and quality of life.

Support Resources

• Mental health professionals
• Support groups
• Crisis hotlines
• Online resources and communities