Understanding Ovarian Cancer: Key Questions Answered

What is Ovarian Cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a malignant growth that begins in the ovaries or fallopian tubes. It's the fifth most common cancer affecting women, typically occurring after menopause.

What Are the Early Warning Signs?

• Persistent bloating
• Pelvic or abdominal pain
• Difficulty eating or feeling full quickly
• Urinary symptoms (urgency or frequency)
• Fatigue
• Changes in bowel habits

Who is at Risk?

Higher Risk Factors Include:

• Age over 50
• Family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer
• BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations
• Never having been pregnant
• Endometriosis
• Obesity

How is Ovarian Cancer Diagnosed?

1. Physical examination
2. Blood tests (CA-125)
3. Imaging studies (ultrasound, CT, MRI)
4. Surgical biopsy

What Are the Treatment Options?

Primary Treatments:

• Surgery (staging and debulking)
• Chemotherapy
• Targeted therapy
• Immunotherapy

What is the Prognosis?

Survival rates vary depending on:

• Stage at diagnosis
• Type of ovarian cancer
• Response to treatment
• Overall health status

How Can I Reduce My Risk?

• Regular check-ups
• Maintaining healthy weight
• Consider oral contraceptives (discuss with doctor)
• Being aware of family history
• Reporting symptoms promptly