Understanding Osteoporosis: Your Questions Answered

What is Osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It develops slowly over several years and is often diagnosed only after a fall or sudden impact causes a bone to break.

Common Questions About Osteoporosis

How is Osteoporosis Diagnosed?

• DXA Scan: The primary diagnostic tool
• FRAX Score: Assessment of fracture risk
• Regular height measurements: To detect vertebral compression

What Are the Risk Factors?

• Age (especially post-menopausal women)
• Family history
• Low body weight
• Smoking and excessive alcohol consumption
• Certain medications (particularly long-term corticosteroids)

Treatment Options

1. Medications:

   • Bisphosphonates
   • Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs)
   • Hormone Therapy
   • Denosumab

2. Lifestyle Changes:

   • Regular weight-bearing exercise
   • Balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D
   • Fall prevention strategies

Prevention Strategies

• Maintain adequate calcium intake (1000-1200mg daily)
• Ensure sufficient vitamin D levels
• Regular exercise program
• Avoid smoking and limit alcohol

When to Contact Your Doctor

• Sudden back pain
• Loss of height
• Change in posture
• Unexplained fractures

Follow-up Care

• Regular bone density scans
• Medication review every 3-5 years
• Annual physical examinations
• Lifestyle modification assessment