What is Osteomyelitis?
Osteomyelitis is a serious infection of the bone that can affect both children and adults. It occurs when bacteria or other microorganisms enter the bone, causing inflammation and potential damage to bone tissue.
Common Causes
- Direct infection from trauma or surgery
- Spread through bloodstream from other infections
- Complications from diabetes or poor circulation
- Open fractures or deep wounds
Risk Factors
- Diabetes mellitus
- Weakened immune system
- Recent bone surgery
- Intravenous drug use
- Poor circulation
- Sickle cell disease
Symptoms
Common Signs
- Severe pain in the affected bone
- Swelling and redness over the affected area
- Fever and chills
- Fatigue
- Limited range of motion
Diagnosis
- Blood tests (including blood cultures)
- Imaging studies:
- Bone biopsy when necessary
Treatment Options
Antibiotics
- Intravenous antibiotics (initial treatment)
- Oral antibiotics (follow-up treatment)
- Usually required for 4-6 weeks
Surgery
- Drainage of infected areas
- Removal of dead bone tissue
- Reconstruction if necessary
Prevention
- Proper wound care
- Prompt treatment of infections
- Good diabetes management
- Regular medical check-ups
Complications if Untreated
- Chronic infection
- Bone death (necrosis)
- Reduced limb function
- Sepsis in severe cases
When to Seek Medical Care
Contact your healthcare provider immediately if you experience:
- Persistent bone pain
- Fever with bone pain
- Redness and swelling over bones
- Wounds that won't heal