What is Mesothelioma?
Mesothelioma is a rare but aggressive cancer that develops in the mesothelial cells, which form the protective lining (mesothelium) of several internal organs.
Types of Mesothelioma
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Pleural Mesothelioma: Most common type, affecting the lung lining (75-80% of cases)
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Peritoneal Mesothelioma: Develops in the abdominal lining
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Pericardial Mesothelioma: Rare form affecting the heart lining
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Testicular Mesothelioma: Extremely rare, occurs in the testicle lining
Causes and Risk Factors
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Primary Cause: Asbestos exposure (80-90% of cases)
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Latency Period: 20-50 years between exposure and symptom onset
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Risk Factors:
- Occupational asbestos exposure
- Secondary exposure through family members
- Living near asbestos mines or processing facilities
Common Symptoms
Pleural Mesothelioma
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Persistent cough
- Unexplained weight loss
Peritoneal Mesothelioma
- Abdominal pain and swelling
- Nausea and vomiting
- Changes in bowel habits
- Loss of appetite
Diagnosis
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Medical History: Including asbestos exposure assessment
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Imaging Tests:
- Chest X-ray
- CT scan
- MRI
- PET scan
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Biopsy: Definitive diagnostic test
Treatment Options
Multimodal Therapy
- Surgery (when applicable)
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Immunotherapy
Palliative Care
- Pain management
- Symptom control
- Quality of life improvement
Prognosis and Survival
- Varies depending on:
- Cancer stage at diagnosis
- Type of mesothelioma
- Patient's age and overall health
- Treatment response
Support and Resources
- Support groups
- Legal assistance for asbestos exposure claims
- Clinical trial opportunities
- Patient advocacy organizations
Prevention
- Proper asbestos safety measures
- Regular medical check-ups for at-risk individuals
- Awareness of occupational hazards