What is a Mastectomy?
A mastectomy is a surgical procedure that removes all breast tissue to treat or prevent breast cancer. This procedure may be recommended based on several factors, including cancer type, size, stage, and personal preferences.
Types of Mastectomy
Total (Simple) Mastectomy
- Removes the entire breast
- Includes nipple and areola
- Preserves underlying chest muscles
- Lymph nodes usually not removed
Modified Radical Mastectomy
- Removes entire breast tissue
- Includes some lymph nodes
- Preserves chest muscles
- Common for invasive breast cancer
Skin-Sparing Mastectomy
- Preserves breast skin
- Facilitates immediate reconstruction
- Not suitable for all patients
Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy
- Preserves nipple and areola
- Suitable for selected patients
- Requires careful candidate selection
Preparation and Recovery
Before Surgery
- Complete medical evaluation
- Discuss reconstruction options
- Stop certain medications
- Follow fasting guidelines
- Arrange post-surgery support
Recovery Timeline
- Hospital stay: 1-3 days
- Drain removal: 1-2 weeks
- Basic activities: 4-6 weeks
- Full recovery: 6-8 weeks
Potential Complications
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Fluid accumulation (seroma)
- Numbness
- Limited arm movement
- Lymphedema (if lymph nodes removed)
Follow-Up Care
- Regular wound care
- Physical therapy exercises
- Emotional support resources
- Regular follow-up appointments
- Prosthesis or reconstruction consultation
Long-Term Considerations
- Regular cancer screenings
- Lifestyle modifications
- Ongoing emotional support
- Physical therapy maintenance
- Annual medical check-ups