Understanding Malaria: A Patient's Guide

What is Malaria?

Malaria is a serious infectious disease caused by Plasmodium parasites transmitted through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes.

Key Facts

• Affects millions globally each year
• Preventable and curable if diagnosed early
• Most common in tropical and subtropical regions
• Five parasite species cause malaria in humans

Symptoms

Typical symptoms appear 10-15 days after a mosquito bite and include:

• High fever
• Chills and sweating
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue
• Nausea and vomiting

Risk Factors

• Living in or traveling to endemic areas
• Lack of protective measures against mosquitoes
• Weakened immune system
• Pregnancy

Prevention

Personal Protection

• Use insect repellent
• Wear long-sleeved clothing
• Sleep under mosquito nets
• Use window screens

Medication

• Antimalarial drugs before, during, and after travel
• Follow prescribed dosage schedule

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

1. Physical examination
2. Blood tests
3. Microscopic analysis
4. Rapid diagnostic tests

Treatment

Medical Care

• Prescription antimalarial medications
• Supportive care for symptoms
• Hospitalization for severe cases

Recovery

• Complete prescribed medication course
• Rest and hydration
• Follow-up testing

When to Seek Help

Contact healthcare provider immediately if experiencing:

• Fever after travel to endemic areas
• Severe symptoms
• Treatment complications

Long-term Management

• Regular check-ups if in endemic areas
• Continued preventive measures
• Awareness of reinfection risks