Understanding Lymphoma: Common Questions Answered

What is Lymphoma?

Lymphoma is a cancer that begins in the lymphatic system, specifically affecting lymphocytes (white blood cells). There are two main types:

• Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL)

  • Characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells
  • Usually begins in upper body lymph nodes

• Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)

  • More common than Hodgkin Lymphoma
  • Can start almost anywhere in the body

Common Symptoms

• Painless swelling of lymph nodes
• Persistent fatigue
• Unexplained fever
• Night sweats
• Unexplained weight loss
• Itchy skin

Diagnosis and Staging

1. Physical Examination
2. Biopsy
   • Lymph node biopsy
   • Bone marrow biopsy if needed
3. Imaging Tests
   • PET-CT scan
   • MRI when indicated

Treatment Options

• Chemotherapy

  • Main treatment for most lymphomas
  • Often combined with other therapies

• Radiation Therapy

  • Used for localized disease
  • May complement chemotherapy

• Immunotherapy

  • Targeted antibody treatments
  • CAR T-cell therapy for certain cases

• Stem Cell Transplantation

  • For aggressive or recurrent cases

Prognosis and Follow-up

• Success rates vary by type and stage
• Regular follow-up appointments crucial
• Long-term monitoring for recurrence
• Managing late effects of treatment