What is Lung Cancer?
Lung cancer is a condition where abnormal cells in the lungs grow uncontrollably, forming tumors that can interfere with breathing and spread to other parts of the body.
Types of Lung Cancer
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
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Adenocarcinoma: Most common type, often found in outer areas of lung
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Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Typically occurs in central lung areas
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Large Cell Carcinoma: Can appear in any part of the lung
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC)
- Tends to grow and spread faster than NSCLC
- Usually linked to smoking
Risk Factors
- Smoking (primary risk factor)
- Secondhand smoke exposure
- Family history
- Exposure to radon gas
- Occupational exposure to carcinogens
- Air pollution
Common Symptoms
- Persistent cough
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Coughing up blood
- Unexplained weight loss
- Hoarseness
- Recurring respiratory infections
Diagnosis
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Physical Examination
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Imaging Tests:
- Chest X-ray
- CT scan
- PET scan
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Tissue Sampling:
- Bronchoscopy
- Needle biopsy
Treatment Options
Surgery
- Lobectomy
- Pneumonectomy
- Wedge resection
Radiation Therapy
- External beam radiation
- Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT)
Chemotherapy
Targeted Therapy
Immunotherapy
Prevention
- Quit smoking or never start
- Avoid secondhand smoke
- Test home for radon
- Follow workplace safety guidelines
- Maintain a healthy lifestyle
Support and Resources
- Join support groups
- Seek counseling if needed
- Discuss concerns with healthcare team
- Connect with cancer organizations