What is Lichen Planus?
Lichen planus is an inflammatory condition that can affect your skin, hair, nails, and mucous membranes. It causes distinctive purplish, itchy, flat-topped bumps (papules) to appear on affected areas.
Key Symptoms
-
Skin manifestations:
- Purple, flat-topped bumps
- Intense itching
- White lines on the bumps (Wickham's striae)
- Most common on wrists, ankles, and lower back
-
Oral symptoms:
- White, lacy patches in the mouth
- Painful sores
- Burning sensation
-
Other areas:
- Nail changes or damage
- Scalp involvement (can cause hair loss)
- Genital area inflammation
Causes and Risk Factors
- Exact cause unknown
- Believed to be autoimmune-related
- Potential triggers:
- Hepatitis C infection
- Certain medications
- Stress
- Allergic reactions
Diagnosis
- Clinical examination
- Skin biopsy when necessary
- Blood tests to rule out other conditions
- Hepatitis C screening
Treatment Options
Topical Treatments
- Corticosteroid creams or ointments
- Calcineurin inhibitors
- Anti-itch medications
Systemic Treatments
- Oral corticosteroids
- Retinoids
- Light therapy (PUVA)
- Immunosuppressive medications
Self-Care Measures
- Avoid scratching
- Use mild soaps
- Apply cool compresses
- Maintain good oral hygiene
- Avoid spicy or acidic foods if oral symptoms present
Prognosis and Monitoring
- Condition typically resolves within 1-2 years
- Some cases may persist longer
- Regular monitoring recommended
- Increased risk of oral cancer in chronic oral cases
When to Seek Medical Care
- Symptoms worsen or spread
- Severe pain or discomfort
- Oral lesions persist
- New symptoms develop