What is Labial Fusion?
Labial fusion, also known as labial adhesion or synechia, is a condition where the inner lips (labia minora) of the female genitalia stick together, creating a partial or complete seal over the vaginal opening.
Common Characteristics
- Most common in young girls between 3 months and 6 years
- Usually painless
- May affect urination pattern
- Often discovered during routine examination
Causes
- Low estrogen levels in young girls
- Local irritation or inflammation
- Poor hygiene
- Skin conditions or trauma
Symptoms
Common Signs:
- Difficulty urinating
- Spraying of urine stream
- Urinary tract infections
- No symptoms (in many cases)
Diagnosis
- Physical examination by healthcare provider
- No special tests typically needed
- Assessment of underlying causes
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Observation (if asymptomatic)
- Proper hygiene practices
- Sitz baths
Medical Treatment
- Topical estrogen cream
- Topical steroid cream
- Regular follow-up
Surgical Options
- Manual separation (rare)
- Only if medical management fails
Prevention
- Good hygiene practices
- Regular diaper changes
- Proper wiping technique
- Avoiding irritating soaps
When to Seek Medical Care
- Urinary problems
- Pain or discomfort
- Recurring infections
- Failed home treatment
Long-term Outlook
- Excellent prognosis
- May recur until puberty
- Usually resolves permanently with puberty
Follow-up Care
- Regular check-ups
- Monitor for recurrence
- Maintain good hygiene