Understanding Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS): Your Questions Answered

What is IBS?

Irritable Bowel Syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting the large intestine. It causes recurring abdominal pain and changes in bowel movements without visible damage to the digestive tract.

Common Symptoms

• Abdominal pain or cramping
• Bloating and gas
• Diarrhea and/or constipation
• Mucus in stool
• Changes in bowel movement frequency

Triggers and Risk Factors

• Stress and anxiety
• Certain foods
• Hormonal changes
• Previous gastrointestinal infections
• Family history

Diagnosis

Rome IV Criteria must be met:

• Recurrent abdominal pain at least 1 day/week in the last 3 months
• Pain associated with:
  • Defecation
  • Change in stool frequency
  • Change in stool appearance

Treatment Options

1. Dietary Modifications

   • Low-FODMAP diet
   • Food diary maintenance
   • Regular meal timing

2. Lifestyle Changes

   • Stress management
   • Regular exercise
   • Adequate sleep

3. Medications

   • Antispasmodics
   • Fiber supplements
   • Probiotics
   • Antidepressants (in some cases)

When to See Your Doctor

• Severe pain
• Unexplained weight loss
• Rectal bleeding
• Persistent changes in bowel habits
• Nighttime symptoms

Living with IBS

While IBS is a chronic condition, symptoms can be effectively managed through proper treatment and lifestyle modifications. Work closely with your healthcare provider to develop an individualized management plan.