Understanding Intensive Care Units (ICU)

What is an ICU?

An Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a specialized hospital department that provides continuous monitoring and advanced life support for critically ill patients. The unit is staffed by highly trained healthcare professionals who utilize sophisticated medical equipment to maintain vital functions.

Common Reasons for ICU Admission

• Severe respiratory problems requiring ventilation
• Major surgery recovery
• Multiple organ failure
• Severe infections or sepsis
• Serious trauma or injuries
• Cardiac events requiring constant monitoring

The ICU Environment

Medical Equipment

• Ventilators for breathing support
• Cardiac monitors
• IV pumps for medication delivery
• Dialysis machines
• Life support equipment

Healthcare Team

• Intensive care physicians (intensivists)
• Critical care nurses
• Respiratory therapists
• Physical therapists
• Nutritionists
• Social workers

Patient Care and Monitoring

Continuous Assessment

• Vital signs monitoring
• Medication management
• Fluid balance tracking
• Organ function evaluation

Common Procedures

• Mechanical ventilation
• Central line placement
• Continuous dialysis
• Regular blood testing

Visiting the ICU

Guidelines

• Limited visiting hours
• Restricted number of visitors
• Infection control measures
• Clean hands before entering

Recovery and Transition

• Step-down care
• Rehabilitation planning
• Follow-up care coordination
• Family support services