Introduction
Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) often requires a combination of lifestyle changes and medications. This guide explains the various medication options available.
Antispasmodics
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Common medications:
- Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
- Hyoscyamine (Levsin)
- Peppermint oil capsules
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How they work: Reduce abdominal pain and cramping by relaxing intestinal muscles
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When to take: Usually 30-60 minutes before meals
Antidiarrheal Medications
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Common medications:
- Loperamide (Imodium)
- Diphenoxylate/atropine (Lomotil)
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Best for: IBS-D (diarrhea-predominant)
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Usage: Take as needed for acute symptoms
Fiber Supplements
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Types available:
- Psyllium (Metamucil)
- Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
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Benefits: Help regulate bowel movements
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Important note: Start slowly to minimize bloating
Antidepressants
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Low-dose options:
- TCAs (Amitriptyline)
- SSRIs (Fluoxetine)
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Purpose: Pain management and gut motility regulation
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Dosing: Usually lower than depression treatment doses
IBS-Specific Medications
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For IBS-D:
- Eluxadoline (Viberzi)
- Rifaximin (Xifaxan)
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For IBS-C:
- Linaclotide (Linzess)
- Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Important Considerations
- Always take medications as prescribed
- Report side effects to your healthcare provider
- Keep track of symptom improvements
- Combine with dietary and lifestyle changes
- Regular follow-up with your gastroenterologist
When to Contact Your Doctor
- Severe side effects
- No improvement after 4-6 weeks
- New or worsening symptoms
- Questions about medication interactions