Understanding Hypoparathyroidism

What is Hypoparathyroidism?

Hypoparathyroidism is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the body. This condition affects the body's ability to regulate calcium and phosphorus levels.

Key Symptoms

• Muscle cramps and spasms
• Tingling in fingers, toes, and lips
• Fatigue
• Anxiety or depression
• Dry, coarse skin
• Brittle nails
• Seizures (in severe cases)

Common Causes

1. Post-surgical: Most common cause, following thyroid surgery
2. Autoimmune disorders
3. Genetic conditions
4. Radiation therapy to the neck

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

• Blood calcium levels testing
• PTH level measurement
• Phosphorus level testing
• Magnesium level assessment
• Urine calcium testing

Treatment Options

Immediate Management

• Calcium supplementation
• Active vitamin D (calcitriol)
• Regular monitoring of blood levels

Long-term Care

• Daily medication compliance
• Regular medical check-ups
• Dietary modifications
• Lifestyle adjustments

Complications

• Calcium deposits in kidneys
• Cataracts
• Dental problems
• Heart rhythm abnormalities

Living with Hypoparathyroidism

Diet Recommendations

• Calcium-rich foods
• Vitamin D-rich foods
• Limited phosphorus intake

Lifestyle Modifications

• Regular exercise
• Stress management
• Consistent medication schedule
• Regular monitoring

When to Seek Medical Help

• Severe muscle spasms
• Seizures
• Difficulty breathing
• Persistent tingling sensations