Understanding Heat Rash (Prickly Heat)

What is Heat Rash?

Heat rash, medically known as miliaria, is a common skin condition that occurs when sweat ducts become blocked and trapped beneath the skin. It typically appears as small, red, raised spots that can cause a stinging or prickly sensation.

Common Symptoms

• Small, red bumps or blisters
• Itching or prickling sensation
• Mild swelling
• Redness in affected areas
• Burning feeling

Risk Factors

• Hot, humid weather
• Intense physical activity
• Tight-fitting clothing
• Prolonged bed rest
• Fever
• Immature sweat ducts (in infants)

Common Affected Areas

• Neck and upper chest
• Under the breasts
• Elbow creases
• Groin area
• Waist
• Behind the knees

Treatment Options

Self-Care Measures

• Cool the skin
• Wear loose, lightweight clothing
• Stay in air-conditioned environments
• Use calamine lotion
• Take cool showers

Medical Treatments

• Topical steroids (in severe cases)
• Antihistamine medications
• Drying powders

Prevention

1. Avoid excessive heat and humidity
2. Wear breathable fabrics
3. Change out of wet or sweaty clothes promptly
4. Use air conditioning or fans
5. Take regular breaks from physical activity

When to See a Doctor

Seek medical attention if:

• Rash persists beyond 3-4 days
• Signs of infection appear
• Fever develops
• Severe pain occurs

Complications

While rare, untreated heat rash may lead to:

• Secondary bacterial infections
• Heat exhaustion
• Deeper skin inflammation

Special Considerations

• Infants: More susceptible due to underdeveloped sweat ducts
• Athletes: Higher risk during intense training
• Elderly: May be more vulnerable due to medication effects