What is Glue Ear?
Glue ear, medically known as otitis media with effusion (OME), is a condition where the middle ear becomes filled with a thick, glue-like fluid instead of air. This commonly affects children but can occur at any age.
Key Symptoms
- Muffled hearing or hearing loss
- Speech and language delays in young children
- Balance problems
- Irritability in younger children
- Poor concentration
Causes and Risk Factors
Primary Causes:
- Previous ear infections
- Upper respiratory tract infections
- Enlarged adenoids
- Dysfunction of the Eustachian tube
Risk Factors:
- Young age (peak occurrence between 2-5 years)
- Exposure to secondhand smoke
- Allergies
- Cleft palate
Diagnosis
- Physical examination with otoscope
- Tympanometry to test eardrum movement
- Hearing tests when necessary
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Watchful waiting (3 months) as many cases resolve naturally
- Regular monitoring of hearing and development
Medical Interventions
-
Grommets (Ventilation Tubes)
- Small tubes inserted into the eardrum
- Allow fluid drainage and air entry
- Usually remain in place for 6-12 months
-
Adenoid Removal
- May be recommended if enlarged adenoids contribute to the condition
Prevention
- Avoid exposure to tobacco smoke
- Prompt treatment of upper respiratory infections
- Breastfeeding in infants when possible
- Good hygiene practices
When to Seek Medical Help
- Persistent hearing problems
- Speech development concerns
- Recurring ear infections
- Balance problems
Long-term Outlook
- Most cases resolve spontaneously within 3 months
- Excellent prognosis with appropriate treatment
- Regular follow-up important for monitoring