Understanding Giardiasis

What is Giardiasis?

Giardiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the microscopic parasite Giardia lamblia. This parasite attaches to the lining of the small intestine and causes gastrointestinal symptoms.

How Does It Spread?

• Consuming contaminated water
• Eating contaminated food
• Person-to-person contact
• Contact with infected animals

Common Symptoms

• Acute Symptoms:

  • Watery diarrhea
  • Abdominal cramps
  • Bloating and gas
  • Nausea
  • Fatigue

• Chronic Symptoms:

  • Weight loss
  • Malabsorption
  • Dehydration
  • Recurring digestive issues

Diagnosis

Your healthcare provider may request:

1. Stool samples for laboratory testing
2. String test (Entero-Test)
3. Endoscopy in certain cases

Treatment Options

Medications

• Metronidazole
• Tinidazole
• Nitazoxanide

Supportive Care

• Increased fluid intake
• Rest
• Dietary modifications

Prevention

1. Practice good hand hygiene
2. Drink safe, filtered water
3. Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly
4. Avoid swallowing water while swimming

When to Seek Medical Care

Consult your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Severe diarrhea lasting more than 3 days
• Signs of dehydration
• Severe abdominal pain
• Blood in stool

Long-term Outlook

Most cases resolve completely with proper treatment. Some individuals may experience prolonged symptoms requiring additional medical attention.

Special Considerations

• Pregnant Women: Require special medication considerations
• Children: May need adjusted dosing and extra monitoring
• Immunocompromised: May experience more severe symptoms