What is Genital Herpes?
Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are two types:
- HSV-1 (traditionally associated with oral herpes)
- HSV-2 (most commonly causing genital herpes)
Signs and Symptoms
Primary Outbreak
- Small, painful blisters around genitals or rectum
- Flu-like symptoms (fever, body aches)
- Burning sensation during urination
- Swollen lymph nodes
- Symptoms typically appear 2-12 days after exposure
Recurring Outbreaks
- Usually milder than initial outbreak
- Shorter duration
- May be triggered by stress, illness, or hormonal changes
Transmission
- Direct skin-to-skin contact
- Sexual contact (including oral, vaginal, and anal)
- Can transmit even without visible symptoms
- Higher risk during outbreaks
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- Viral culture from blister
- Blood tests for HSV antibodies
- PCR testing
Treatment Options
Antiviral Medications
- Acyclovir
- Valacyclovir
- Famciclovir
Supportive Care
- Pain relief medications
- Warm baths
- Loose-fitting clothing
- Stress management
Prevention
- Use of condoms
- Avoiding sexual contact during outbreaks
- Open communication with partners
- Daily suppressive therapy if recommended
Living with Herpes
- Most people lead normal lives
- Join support groups if needed
- Regular medical check-ups
- Maintain healthy lifestyle
When to Seek Medical Care
- First outbreak symptoms
- Severe or prolonged symptoms
- Pregnancy
- Frequent recurrences
Impact on Pregnancy
- Inform healthcare provider
- May need antiviral medication
- Special precautions during delivery
- Regular monitoring
Long-term Management
- Track outbreak patterns
- Identify personal triggers
- Maintain good overall health
- Regular communication with healthcare provider