Understanding Epididymitis

What is Epididymitis?

Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, the coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. This condition can affect men of any age but is most common in males between 14 and 35 years old.

Common Causes

• Bacterial infections (most common)
• Sexually transmitted infections (particularly chlamydia and gonorrhea)
• Urinary tract infections
• Physical injury or trauma
• Chemical irritation

Symptoms

Primary Symptoms

• Gradual onset of scrotal pain and swelling
• Tenderness in the affected testicle
• Warmth and redness of the scrotum
• Pain during urination

Additional Signs

• Low-grade fever
• Discharge from the penis
• Blood in semen
• Painful intercourse

Diagnosis

• Physical examination
• Urine tests
• STI screening
• Ultrasound (when necessary)

Treatment Options

Immediate Management

1. Rest and elevation of scrotum
2. Ice packs to reduce swelling
3. Pain relief medication

Medical Treatment

• Antibiotics (usually for 1-2 weeks)
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Supportive undergarments

Prevention

• Practice safe sex
• Maintain good hygiene
• Treat urinary tract infections promptly
• Avoid trauma to the groin area

When to Seek Medical Care

• Severe pain or swelling
• Symptoms lasting more than 3 days
• Fever above 101°F (38.3°C)
• Difficulty urinating

Complications if Untreated

• Chronic epididymitis
• Abscess formation
• Reduced fertility
• Spread of infection

Recovery and Outlook

Most cases resolve within 1-3 weeks with appropriate treatment. Follow-up care may be necessary to ensure complete resolution.