What is an Ectopic Pregnancy?
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, most commonly in the fallopian tube. This condition is a serious medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
Key Facts
- Affects approximately 1-2% of pregnancies
- Cannot develop into a viable pregnancy
- Requires immediate medical intervention
- Most common in the fallopian tubes (95% of cases)
Common Risk Factors
- Previous ectopic pregnancy
- History of pelvic inflammatory disease
- Prior tubal surgery
- Smoking
- Age over 35
- Fertility treatments
- Endometriosis
Warning Signs and Symptoms
Early Symptoms:
- Mild pelvic pain
- Light vaginal bleeding
- Missed period
Emergency Symptoms:
- Sharp abdominal pain
- Shoulder pain
- Severe dizziness
- Heavy bleeding
Diagnosis
- Blood tests (hCG levels)
- Transvaginal ultrasound
- Physical examination
Treatment Options
-
Medication (Methotrexate)
- Used for early, stable cases
- Given as injection
- Requires follow-up monitoring
-
Surgery
- Usually laparoscopic procedure
- Required for emergency cases
- May be necessary to remove affected tube
Recovery and Future Fertility
- Recovery period varies by treatment type
- Most women can conceive again
- Increased monitoring in future pregnancies
- Important to discuss family planning with healthcare provider
When to Seek Emergency Care
Go to the emergency room immediately if you experience:
- Severe abdominal pain
- Heavy bleeding
- Fainting or severe dizziness
- Shoulder pain
Support and Resources
- Medical counseling
- Emotional support services
- Follow-up care
- Future pregnancy planning