What Are Diverticula?
Diverticula are small, bulging pouches that can form in the lining of your digestive system, most commonly in the lower part of the large intestine (colon).
Understanding the Conditions
Diverticulosis
- The presence of diverticula without inflammation
- Often causes no symptoms
- Very common in people over 40
- May be discovered during routine colonoscopy
Diverticulitis
- Occurs when diverticula become inflamed or infected
- Requires medical attention
- Can lead to serious complications if untreated
Common Symptoms
Diverticulosis
- Usually asymptomatic
- Mild cramping
- Bloating
- Changes in bowel habits
Diverticulitis
- Severe abdominal pain (usually left-sided)
- Fever
- Nausea and vomiting
- Changes in bowel habits
- Constipation or diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding (in some cases)
Risk Factors
- Age (more common over 40)
- Low-fiber diet
- Obesity
- Lack of exercise
- Smoking
- Certain medications (NSAIDs)
Prevention and Management
Dietary Recommendations
- High-fiber diet (25-35g daily)
- Plenty of water
- Regular exercise
- Weight management
Treatment Options
For Diverticulosis:
- Dietary modifications
- Fiber supplements
- Regular exercise
For Diverticulitis:
- Antibiotics (if infected)
- Clear liquid diet during flares
- Rest
- Pain management
- Surgery in severe cases
When to Seek Medical Care
- Severe abdominal pain
- Fever above 100.4°F
- Unable to keep liquids down
- Severe constipation or diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding
Long-term Outlook
With proper management and lifestyle changes, most people with diverticular disease lead normal, healthy lives. Regular medical follow-up is important for monitoring the condition.