What is CMV?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common herpesvirus that can infect people of all ages. Once infected, your body retains the virus for life, though it usually remains dormant in healthy individuals.
Key Facts
- CMV affects 50-80% of adults by age 40
- Usually harmless in healthy individuals
- Can cause serious complications in immunocompromised people
- Can be dangerous during pregnancy
Transmission
CMV spreads through:
- Body fluids (saliva, urine, blood)
- Sexual contact
- Breast milk
- Organ transplantation
- From mother to baby during pregnancy
Symptoms
In Healthy Adults:
- Most people have no symptoms
- Some may experience:
- Mild fever
- Fatigue
- Sore throat
- Swollen lymph nodes
In High-Risk Individuals:
- Severe pneumonia
- Vision problems
- Digestive tract issues
- Organ inflammation
Diagnosis
- Blood tests
- PCR testing
- Tissue biopsy (in specific cases)
Treatment
For Healthy Individuals:
- Usually no treatment needed
- Rest and supportive care
For High-Risk Patients:
- Antiviral medications
- Regular monitoring
- Preventive strategies
Prevention
- Practice good hygiene
- Wash hands frequently
- Avoid sharing utensils
- Take extra precautions during pregnancy
When to See a Doctor
Seek medical attention if:
- You're pregnant and suspect exposure
- You have a weakened immune system
- You develop persistent symptoms
Long-term Management
- Regular check-ups for high-risk patients
- Immune system monitoring
- Preventive strategies
- Lifestyle modifications