Understanding Cushing's Syndrome

What is Cushing's Syndrome?

Cushing's syndrome is a condition that occurs when your body is exposed to high levels of cortisol (the stress hormone) for an extended period. This can happen either from taking glucocorticoid medications or when your body produces too much cortisol.

Common Causes

• Exogenous (External) Causes:

  • Long-term use of corticosteroid medications
  • Steroid treatments for conditions like asthma or arthritis

• Endogenous (Internal) Causes:

  • Tumors producing excess ACTH (Cushing's Disease)
  • Adrenal tumors
  • Ectopic ACTH production

Key Symptoms

Physical Changes

• Round, moon-shaped face
• Weight gain, especially in trunk area
• Purple stretch marks
• Thin, fragile skin that bruises easily

Systemic Effects

• High blood pressure
• High blood sugar
• Muscle weakness
• Bone loss (osteoporosis)
• Mood changes and depression

Diagnosis

1. Initial Testing:

   • 24-hour urinary free cortisol test
   • Late-night salivary cortisol
   • Dexamethasone suppression test

2. Further Evaluation:

   • Blood ACTH levels
   • Imaging studies (MRI, CT scan)

Treatment Options

For Exogenous Cushing's

• Gradual reduction of steroid medications
• Alternative treatment strategies

For Endogenous Cushing's

• Surgery to remove tumors
• Radiation therapy
• Medications to control cortisol production

Living with Cushing's Syndrome

• Regular medical monitoring
• Bone health management
• Blood pressure control
• Blood sugar monitoring
• Mental health support

When to Seek Medical Care

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Unexplained weight gain
• Easy bruising
• Muscle weakness
• Mood changes
• Persistent fatigue

Prevention and Management

• Take medications exactly as prescribed
• Regular medical check-ups
• Healthy lifestyle choices
• Support group participation