What is Contact Dermatitis?
Contact dermatitis is a localized skin inflammation that occurs when your skin comes into direct contact with an irritating substance or allergen. This condition causes red, itchy rashes that can be uncomfortable but are generally not life-threatening.
Types of Contact Dermatitis
1. Irritant Contact Dermatitis
- Most common type (80% of cases)
- Caused by direct skin damage from irritating substances
- Examples: soaps, detergents, acids, solvents
2. Allergic Contact Dermatitis
- Immune system reaction to allergens
- Develops after repeated exposure
- Common triggers: nickel, latex, cosmetics, plants
Common Symptoms
- Redness and inflammation
- Intense itching
- Skin burning or stinging
- Blisters or fluid-filled bumps
- Dry, cracked, or scaly skin
- Swelling in affected areas
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis Methods
- Physical examination
- Detailed history of exposure
- Patch testing (for allergic cases)
Treatment Options
-
Avoidance
- Identify and avoid triggers
- Protective measures (gloves, protective clothing)
-
Medications
- Topical corticosteroids
- Oral antihistamines
- Moisturizers
Prevention Tips
- Identify and avoid known triggers
- Wear protective gloves when handling potential irritants
- Use mild soaps and fragrance-free products
- Apply moisturizer regularly
- Follow proper hand washing techniques
When to Seek Medical Care
- Severe pain or discomfort
- Signs of infection
- Rash covering large body areas
- Symptoms affecting daily activities
- No improvement with home treatment