Understanding Concussions

What Is a Concussion?

A concussion is a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head that disrupts normal brain function. It can also occur from a hit to the body that causes the head to move rapidly back and forth.

Common Causes

• Sports injuries
• Vehicle accidents
• Falls
• Workplace accidents
• Combat injuries

Key Symptoms

Immediate Signs

• Headache
• Confusion
• Dizziness
• Ringing in the ears
• Nausea or vomiting

Delayed Symptoms

• Memory problems
• Difficulty concentrating
• Sleep disturbances
• Mood changes
• Sensitivity to light and noise

Diagnosis

Diagnosis typically involves:

1. Physical examination
2. Cognitive testing
3. Balance assessment
4. Neurological evaluation

Treatment Guidelines

Immediate Actions

• Rest (physical and mental)
• Avoid screen time
• Stay hydrated
• Follow medical advice

Recovery Period

• Gradually return to activities
• Monitor symptoms
• Avoid risky activities

When to Seek Emergency Care

Get immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Worsening headache
• Repeated vomiting
• Seizures
• Loss of consciousness
• Unusual behavior changes

Prevention

• Wear appropriate protective gear
• Follow safety guidelines in sports
• Use proper techniques
• Maintain safe environments

Long-term Considerations

• Multiple concussions can have cumulative effects
• Complete recovery before returning to activities
• Regular follow-up with healthcare providers

Recovery Timeline

Typical recovery takes 7-14 days, but can vary based on:

• Severity of injury
• Previous concussions
• Age and overall health
• Adherence to treatment plan