Understanding Cholesteatoma

What is a Cholesteatoma?

A cholesteatoma is an abnormal, non-cancerous growth that develops in the middle ear, behind the eardrum. It consists of a collection of skin cells that grow and accumulate where they shouldn't, potentially causing damage to surrounding structures.

Common Symptoms

• Progressive hearing loss
• Recurring ear drainage
• Persistent ear infections
• Dizziness
• Facial muscle weakness (in severe cases)
• Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)

Causes and Risk Factors

Primary Causes:

• Chronic ear infections
• Eustachian tube dysfunction
• Congenital defects
• Previous ear surgery

Diagnosis

Your doctor will typically diagnose a cholesteatoma through:

• Physical examination
• Otoscopic examination
• CT scanning
• Hearing tests

Treatment Options

Conservative Management

• Careful cleaning of the ear
• Antibiotic drops
• Regular monitoring

Surgical Treatment

• Mastoidectomy
• Tympanoplasty
• Multiple staged procedures may be necessary

Potential Complications

• Permanent hearing loss
• Inner ear damage
• Facial nerve paralysis
• Meningitis (rare)
• Balance problems

Prevention and Follow-up

• Regular ear examinations
• Prompt treatment of ear infections
• Long-term monitoring after surgery
• Annual hearing tests

When to Seek Medical Attention

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience:

• Persistent ear drainage
• Progressive hearing loss
• Facial weakness
• Severe dizziness

Living with Cholesteatoma

• Keep ears dry during bathing/swimming
• Follow medication schedules strictly
• Attend all follow-up appointments
• Report new symptoms promptly