What is a Breast Abscess?
A breast abscess is a painful, pus-filled infection within the breast tissue. It typically develops as a complication of mastitis, particularly during breastfeeding.
Common Causes
- Bacterial infection, usually Staphylococcus aureus
- Untreated mastitis
- Blocked milk ducts during lactation
- Nipple damage or cracking
- Compromised immune system
Risk Factors
- Breastfeeding mothers (most common)
- Recent breast surgery
- Diabetes
- Smoking
- Obesity
- Previous breast abscess
Symptoms
Primary Signs
- Painful, swollen area in the breast
- Redness of the skin
- Warmth in the affected area
- Fever and chills
- Fatigue
Additional Symptoms
- Hard or firm breast lump
- Discharge from the nipple
- Enlarged lymph nodes
Diagnosis
- Physical examination
- Ultrasound imaging
- Fluid culture (if drainage performed)
Treatment Options
Conservative Management
- Antibiotics
- Warm compresses
- Pain management
Surgical Intervention
- Needle aspiration
- Incision and drainage
- Regular wound care
Recovery and Prevention
- Complete prescribed antibiotics
- Regular breast emptying during lactation
- Good hygiene practices
- Prompt treatment of mastitis
When to Seek Medical Care
- Increasing breast pain
- Fever above 101.5°F (38.6°C)
- Worsening symptoms despite treatment
- Signs of spreading infection
Long-term Outlook
Most breast abscesses heal completely with appropriate treatment. Follow-up care is essential to prevent recurrence.