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Understanding Brain Tumors: A Comprehensive Overview

Essential Information for Patients and Caregivers

Oncology

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Last updated: Mar 24, 2025

What Is a Brain Tumor?

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of cells within the brain or surrounding tissues. These masses can be:

  • Primary tumors: Originating in the brain
  • Secondary tumors: Spreading from other parts of the body (metastatic)

Common Types of Brain Tumors

Primary Tumors

  • Gliomas
    • Astrocytomas
    • Oligodendrogliomas
    • Ependymomas
  • Meningiomas
  • Pituitary Adenomas
  • Medulloblastomas

Key Symptoms

Common Signs

  1. Headaches (especially morning headaches)
  2. Seizures
  3. Changes in vision or hearing
  4. Balance problems
  5. Memory or cognitive changes
  6. Personality changes

Diagnosis Methods

  • MRI scans
  • CT scans
  • Biopsy
  • Neurological examination

Treatment Options

Primary Treatments

  1. Surgery
    • Tumor removal
    • Biopsy
  2. Radiation Therapy
    • External beam radiation
    • Stereotactic radiosurgery
  3. Chemotherapy

Supporting Treatments

  • Anti-seizure medications
  • Steroids for swelling
  • Physical therapy
  • Occupational therapy

Prognosis Factors

  • Tumor type and grade
  • Location
  • Age and overall health
  • Treatment response

Support and Resources

  • Support groups
  • Rehabilitation services
  • Counseling
  • Patient education materials

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