What Is a Brain Aneurysm?
A brain aneurysm (also called cerebral aneurysm) is a bulging, weakened area in the wall of an artery in the brain, causing it to balloon or dilate. Think of it as a weak spot in a water balloon or a bubble in a tire's inner tube.
Key Facts
- Most aneurysms are small (under 10mm)
- They typically form at branch points of arteries
- Approximately 2-5% of people have brain aneurysms
- Not all aneurysms rupture
Risk Factors
Non-modifiable Factors:
- Family history
- Age (more common in 35-60 years)
- Gender (more common in women)
- Certain genetic conditions
Modifiable Factors:
- High blood pressure
- Smoking
- Heavy alcohol consumption
- Drug abuse
Symptoms
Unruptured Aneurysm:
- Often no symptoms
- Possible pressure symptoms:
- Headaches
- Vision changes
- Facial pain
Ruptured Aneurysm:
- Sudden, severe headache ('thunderclap headache')
- Nausea and vomiting
- Neck stiffness
- Sensitivity to light
- Loss of consciousness
Diagnosis
- CT scan
- MRI/MRA
- Cerebral angiogram
- CSF analysis (if rupture suspected)
Treatment Options
Surgical:
-
Clipping: Placing a tiny metal clip at the base
-
Coiling: Inserting tiny platinum coils into the aneurysm
Preventive Measures:
- Blood pressure control
- Smoking cessation
- Regular medical monitoring
Recovery and Outlook
- Recovery time varies by treatment type
- Regular follow-up important
- Lifestyle modifications often necessary
- Support groups available
When to Seek Emergency Care
Seek immediate medical attention if experiencing:
- Sudden, severe headache
- Loss of consciousness
- Confusion or drowsiness
- Seizures
Prevention Tips
- Control blood pressure
- Don't smoke
- Eat a healthy diet
- Exercise regularly
- Limit alcohol consumption
Always consult healthcare providers for medical advice specific to your situation.