What is Arthritis?
Arthritis is a group of conditions causing inflammation and pain in joints. It affects millions of people worldwide and can occur at any age, though it's more common in older adults.
Main Types of Arthritis
Osteoarthritis (OA)
- Most common form
- Caused by wear and tear of joint cartilage
- Usually affects weight-bearing joints
- Common in knees, hips, and hands
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Autoimmune condition
- Body's immune system attacks joint linings
- Often symmetrical (affects both sides)
- Can affect multiple joints simultaneously
Common Symptoms
- Joint pain and stiffness
- Reduced range of motion
- Swelling around joints
- Redness and warmth in affected areas
- Morning stiffness
- Fatigue
Risk Factors
- Age (risk increases with age)
- Gender (more common in women)
- Obesity
- Previous joint injuries
- Family history
- Occupational hazards
Diagnosis
Physical Examination
- Joint assessment
- Range of motion tests
- Pain evaluation
Testing
- X-rays
- Blood tests
- MRI scans
- Joint fluid analysis
Treatment Options
Medications
- Pain relievers
- Anti-inflammatory drugs
- Disease-modifying drugs (for RA)
- Corticosteroids
Physical Therapy
- Targeted exercises
- Joint protection techniques
- Assistive devices when needed
Lifestyle Changes
- Weight management
- Regular exercise
- Healthy diet
- Stress reduction
Living with Arthritis
- Use joint protection techniques
- Maintain physical activity
- Follow medical advice
- Join support groups
When to See a Doctor
- Persistent joint pain
- Significant swelling
- Difficulty performing daily tasks
- New symptoms
Prevention Strategies
- Maintain healthy weight
- Protect joints during activities
- Stay physically active
- Eat anti-inflammatory foods