Understanding and Treating Parathyroid Disorders

Overview

Parathyroid disorders affect the four small glands in your neck that regulate calcium levels in your body. Treatment options vary depending on whether you have hyperparathyroidism (overactive) or hypoparathyroidism (underactive).

Hyperparathyroidism Treatments

1. Surgical Options

• Minimally invasive parathyroidectomy

  • Single small incision
  • Faster recovery time
  • Usually outpatient procedure

• Traditional parathyroidectomy

  • Larger incision
  • Exploration of all four glands
  • Required for multiple affected glands

2. Non-surgical Management

• Calcimimetic medications

  • Cinacalcet for specific cases
  • Helps lower PTH and calcium levels

• Regular monitoring

  • Blood calcium checks
  • Bone density scans
  • Kidney function tests

Hypoparathyroidism Treatments

1. Hormone Replacement

• PTH replacement therapy
  • Daily injections
  • Closely monitored dosing

2. Supplements

• Calcium supplementation

  • Multiple daily doses
  • Various formulations

• Vitamin D supplements

  • Calcitriol or other active forms
  • Helps calcium absorption

Lifestyle Modifications

• Dietary calcium management
• Regular exercise
• Hydration maintenance
• Bone health preservation

Follow-up Care

• Regular endocrinologist visits
• Blood level monitoring
• Medication adjustments as needed
• Long-term complication prevention