Understanding and Managing Your Cholesterol: A Patient's Guide

What is Cholesterol?

Cholesterol is a waxy substance your body needs to build cells and make vitamins and hormones. While your body makes all the cholesterol it needs, it can also come from foods you eat.

Types of Cholesterol

• LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)

  • Often called "bad" cholesterol
  • Can build up in arteries
  • Target level: Generally below 100 mg/dL

• HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)

  • Known as "good" cholesterol
  • Helps remove other forms of cholesterol
  • Target level: Above 40 mg/dL for men, above 50 mg/dL for women

Risk Factors

• Family history
• Age and gender
• Diet high in saturated fats
• Lack of physical activity
• Smoking
• Obesity

Managing Your Cholesterol

Lifestyle Changes

1. Diet Modifications

   • Reduce saturated fats
   • Increase fiber intake
   • Choose lean proteins
   • Add heart-healthy fats

2. Exercise Regularly

   • Aim for 150 minutes of moderate activity weekly
   • Include both cardio and strength training

3. Weight Management

   • Maintain a healthy BMI
   • Monitor portion sizes

Medication Management

• Take prescribed medications as directed
• Report side effects to your healthcare provider
• Never stop medication without consultation

Monitoring Progress

• Regular blood tests as recommended
• Keep track of your numbers
• Follow up with your healthcare provider

Warning Signs

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Chest pain
• Shortness of breath
• Jaw or arm pain
• Severe headache

Resources

• American Heart Association
• National Cholesterol Education Program
• Your healthcare provider's office