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Understanding and Managing GERD: A Comprehensive Guide

Essential Information for Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroenterology

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Last updated: Mar 24, 2025

What is GERD?

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn and chest pain.

Common Symptoms

  • Frequent heartburn
  • Chest pain
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Regurgitation of food or sour liquid
  • Sensation of a lump in your throat

Lifestyle Modifications

Dietary Changes

  • Avoid trigger foods (spicy, fatty, acidic)
  • Eat smaller meals
  • Avoid lying down for 3 hours after eating

Other Lifestyle Changes

  • Maintain healthy weight
  • Quit smoking
  • Elevate head of bed 6-8 inches

Treatment Options

Over-the-Counter Medications

  • Antacids
  • H2 blockers
  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

Prescription Medications

  • Prescription-strength PPIs
  • Prokinetics
  • Other acid-reducing medications

When to See Your Doctor

  • Symptoms occur more than twice per week
  • Medications aren't providing relief
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Unexplained weight loss

Long-term Management

  • Regular follow-up appointments
  • Monitoring of symptoms
  • Adjustment of treatment as needed
  • Lifestyle maintenance

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