What is Acne?
Acne is a common skin condition that occurs when hair follicles become clogged with oil and dead skin cells, leading to various types of blemishes.
Types of Acne
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Whiteheads: Closed plugged pores
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Blackheads: Open plugged pores
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Papules: Small red, tender bumps
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Pustules: Papules with pus at their tips
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Nodules: Large, painful lumps beneath the skin
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Cysts: Deep, painful, pus-filled lumps
Common Causes
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Excess oil production
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Bacteria (P. acnes)
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Dead skin cells
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Hormonal changes
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Genetics
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Diet (in some cases)
Risk Factors
- Age (teenagers and young adults)
- Hormonal changes
- Family history
- Certain medications
- Stress
- High humidity or sweating
Treatment Options
Over-the-Counter Treatments
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Salicylic acid
- Alpha hydroxy acids
- Tea tree oil
Prescription Medications
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Topical treatments
- Retinoids
- Antibiotics
- Combination products
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Oral medications
- Antibiotics
- Combined oral contraceptives
- Isotretinoin (for severe cases)
Prevention Tips
- Wash face twice daily
- Use non-comedogenic products
- Avoid touching face frequently
- Keep hair clean
- Stay hydrated
- Manage stress
When to See a Doctor
- If over-the-counter treatments aren't helping
- For severe or cystic acne
- If acne is causing scars
- If acne is affecting self-esteem
Long-term Management
- Follow prescribed treatment plan
- Be patient with results
- Maintain good skin hygiene
- Consider lifestyle modifications