Understanding Acromegaly

What is Acromegaly?

Acromegaly is a rare hormonal disorder caused by excessive growth hormone (GH) production, typically due to a benign tumor in the pituitary gland. This condition leads to abnormal growth of body tissues, particularly in the hands, feet, and face.

Common Symptoms

• Enlarged hands and feet
• Facial changes (enlarged features, protruding jaw and brow)
• Deepened voice
• Enlarged tongue
• Joint pain
• Excessive sweating
• Skin changes (thickening, oily texture)
• Sleep apnea
• Headaches

Diagnosis

Initial Assessment

• Physical examination
• Medical history review
• Growth hormone level testing
• IGF-1 blood test

Confirmatory Tests

• MRI of the pituitary gland
• Oral glucose tolerance test

Treatment Options

1. Surgery

• Transsphenoidal surgery (primary treatment)
• Removal of pituitary tumor

2. Medication

• Somatostatin analogs
• Growth hormone receptor antagonists
• Dopamine agonists

3. Radiation Therapy

• Used when surgery isn't complete
• May take several years to be fully effective

Long-term Management

• Regular medical monitoring
• Blood tests to check hormone levels
• Management of complications
• Lifestyle modifications

Complications

• Type 2 diabetes
• High blood pressure
• Heart disease
• Arthritis
• Vision problems
• Sleep apnea

Prognosis

With proper treatment and ongoing management, most people with acromegaly can lead normal lives. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better outcomes.

When to Seek Medical Care

Consult your healthcare provider if you notice:

• Enlarged hands or feet
• Changes in facial features
• Persistent joint pain
• Difficulty sleeping
• Excessive sweating