Snake Bites: Essential Guide to Recognition, First Aid, and Treatment

Immediate Signs and Symptoms

• Puncture marks at bite site
• Severe pain and swelling
• Redness and bruising
• Nausea and vomiting
• Difficulty breathing
• Disturbed vision
• Increased sweating and salivation

Emergency Actions

1. Call Emergency Services Immediately (911)
2. Keep the victim calm and still
3. Remove any constricting items (jewelry, watches)
4. Position the affected area below heart level

DO NOT:

• Apply tourniquets
• Try to suck out venom
• Apply ice
• Cut the wound
• Give the victim alcohol or stimulants

Medical Treatment

Initial Assessment

• Vital signs monitoring
• Wound examination
• Species identification (if safe)
• Antivenom preparation

Hospital Care

• Administration of appropriate antivenom
• Wound cleaning and debridement
• Pain management
• Antibiotics if necessary
• Tetanus prophylaxis

Prevention Strategies

1. Wear appropriate footwear
2. Use a flashlight at night
3. Avoid reaching into brush blindly
4. Stay on clear paths
5. Learn to identify local venomous species

Follow-up Care

• Regular wound checks
• Physical therapy if needed
• Watch for signs of infection
• Follow-up appointments as scheduled

When to Seek Immediate Help

• Severe pain or swelling
• Difficulty breathing
• Rapid pulse
• Mental confusion
• Severe bleeding
• Signs of shock

Long-term Considerations

• Possible tissue damage
• Rehabilitation needs
• Prevention of future incidents
• Regular medical follow-up