SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)

What is SARS?

SARS is a viral respiratory illness caused by a coronavirus (SARS-CoV). First identified in 2003, it led to a global outbreak that was successfully contained through international public health efforts.

Key Symptoms

• High fever (over 38°C/100.4°F)
• Dry cough
• Shortness of breath
• Muscle aches
• Fatigue
• Diarrhea (in some cases)

Transmission

SARS spreads primarily through:

• Close person-to-person contact
• Respiratory droplets
• Touching contaminated surfaces

Risk Factors

• Healthcare workers
• Close contacts of infected individuals
• Travel to affected areas
• Age (elderly are at higher risk)
• Pre-existing medical conditions

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

1. Clinical symptoms assessment
2. Travel history evaluation
3. Chest X-ray or CT scan
4. Laboratory tests
5. PCR testing for viral RNA

Treatment

Supportive Care

• Oxygen therapy
• Mechanical ventilation (if needed)
• Fluid management
• Rest and isolation

Medical Management

• Antiviral medications
• Corticosteroids (in severe cases)
• Treatment of complications

Prevention

• Practice good hand hygiene
• Wear appropriate face masks
• Maintain social distancing
• Follow isolation protocols if exposed
• Seek immediate medical attention if symptoms develop

Long-term Outlook

Most patients recover fully, though recovery time varies. Some may experience:

• Reduced lung function
• Fatigue
• Muscle weakness

When to Seek Medical Care

Contact healthcare providers immediately if:

• You develop fever and respiratory symptoms
• You've been in contact with a SARS patient
• You've traveled to areas with SARS outbreaks