Herpetic Whitlow: A Comprehensive Guide

What is Herpetic Whitlow?

Herpetic whitlow is a viral infection of the finger caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 or HSV-2). It primarily affects the fingertip and can be quite painful.

Common Symptoms

• Sudden onset of pain, redness, and swelling in the finger
• Small, fluid-filled blisters (vesicles)
• Tenderness and burning sensation
• Fever and lymph node swelling (in some cases)
• Tingling or burning before blister appearance

Risk Factors

• Healthcare workers
• Dental professionals
• Children who suck their thumbs
• People with oral or genital herpes
• Those with compromised immune systems

Diagnosis

• Clinical examination
• Patient history
• Viral culture (when necessary)
• PCR testing of blister fluid

Treatment Options

Medications

• Oral antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir)
• Pain relievers
• Topical treatments

Self-Care Measures

• Keep the affected area clean and dry
• Avoid touching or breaking blisters
• Use protective covering when necessary

Prevention

1. Practice good hand hygiene
2. Wear gloves when treating patients with active herpes
3. Avoid direct contact with herpes sores
4. Keep cuts and breaks in skin covered

When to Seek Medical Care

• Severe pain or swelling
• Signs of secondary infection
• Symptoms not improving after 2 weeks
• Recurring episodes

Prognosis

Most cases heal within 2-3 weeks without scarring. Recurrence is possible as the virus remains dormant in the body.

Complications

• Secondary bacterial infection
• Spread to other fingers or areas
• Occupational limitations during outbreaks