Granuloma Annulare

What Is Granuloma Annulare?

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign skin condition characterized by raised, reddish or flesh-colored bumps that form ring patterns on the skin. It's a relatively common condition that can affect people of any age, though it's more frequent in children and young adults.

Key Characteristics

• Appearance: Circular or ring-shaped patches
• Color: Pink, purple, or skin-colored
• Texture: Firm and smooth
• Size: Individual bumps are small, but rings can be 1-5cm across

Common Locations

• Hands and feet
• Arms and legs
• Trunk
• Fingers and elbows

Types of Granuloma Annulare

1. Localized: Most common form, affecting a single area
2. Generalized: Multiple lesions across the body
3. Subcutaneous: Deep lumps under the skin
4. Perforating: Lesions that may develop small openings

Causes and Risk Factors

The exact cause remains unknown, but potential triggers include:

• Minor skin injuries
• Insect bites
• Sun exposure
• Viral infections
• Certain medications

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis

• Physical examination
• Skin biopsy (if needed)
• Medical history review

Treatment Options

• Topical treatments
  • Corticosteroids
  • Calcineurin inhibitors
• Oral medications (for severe cases)
• Phototherapy
• Cryotherapy

Prognosis

Granuloma annulare often resolves on its own within 2 years. However, it can recur, and some cases may persist longer.

When to See a Doctor

Consult a healthcare provider if you:

• Notice new ring-shaped lesions
• Experience symptoms that worsen
• Have concerns about appearance
• Develop widespread patches

Living with Granuloma Annulare

• Protect affected areas from sun exposure
• Monitor changes in existing lesions
• Follow prescribed treatment plans
• Maintain good skin care habits